State of the First Amendment 2006 [United States]

Table of Contents

Please note: this codebook has been prepared in accordance with the Data Documentation Initiative's XML DTD. For more information, please consult the DDI documentation at http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/DDI/.

Document Description-- Marked-up Document

The document description contains information about the CPANDA codebook, not about the study itself. All CPANDA codebook citations contain bibliographic information for the codebook and archival details related to its creation.

The citation in the document description should be used by individuals who cite information from the codebook. It is not intended as a citation for the data set.

Title: State of the First Amendment 2006 [United States]

Alternative Title: SOFA 2006

CPANDA Identification Number: a00246

Author: The First Amendment Center

Produced By: Cultural Policy and the Arts National Data Archive, June 05, 2007, Princeton, NJ: Cultural Policy and the Arts National Data Archive

Software used in Production: Netbeans IDE

Funding Agency/Sponsor: Pew Charitable Trusts

Grant Number: 2000-001763

Distributed By: Cultural Policy and the Arts National Data Archive, Social Science Reference Center, Princeton University Library, June 12, 2007

Contact Person: CPANDA, Princeton University (cpanda@princeton.edu)

Depositor: Cultural Policy and the Arts National Data Archive, Social Science Reference Center, Princeton University Library, March 27, 2007

Series
State of the First Amendment
The survey is conducted annually for the First Amendment Center by the Center for Survey Research and Analysis at the University of Connecticut.

Version Statement: First CPANDA Edition, CPANDA

APA Citation: The First Amendment Center. 2006. STATE OF THE FIRST AMENDMENT 2006 [codebook file]. CPANDA ed. Princeton, NJ: Cultural Policy and the Arts National Data Archive [producer and distributor].

Holdings Information: Marked-up codebook for State of the First Amendment 2006 [United States] http://www.cpanda.org

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Study Description-- Citation - Data Collection

The study description contains information concerning the research process that created the data set.

The citation in the study description should be used by individuals who are citing the use of the data set.

Title: State of the First Amendment 2006 [United States]

Alternative Title: SOFA 2006

CPANDA Identification Number: a00246

Author: The First Amendment Center

Produced By: Center for Survey Research and Analysis, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut

Software used in Production: SPSS

Funding Agencies/Sponsors:

  • Freedom Forum
  • American Journalism Review

Distributed By: Center for Survey Research and Analysis, University of Connecticut,

Contact Person: Gene Policinski, First Amendment Center (jatkinson@fac.org)

Depositor: Center for Survey Research and Analysis, University of Connecticut, March 27, 2007

Series
State of the First Amendment
The survey is conducted annually for the First Amendment Center by the Center for Survey Research and Analysis at the University of Connecticut.

APA Citation: The First Amendment Center. 2006. STATE OF THE FIRST AMENDMENT 2006 [computer file]. Storrs, CT: Center for Survey Research and Analysis, University of Connecticut [producer and distributor].

Keywords

CPANDA

  • Cultural policy issues
  • Artistic/cultural controversy
  • Regulation of expression
  • Public attitudes on freedom of expression
  • Public attitudes and arts advocacy
  • Public attitudes and opinions

ICPSR

  • Censorship
  • Civil rights
  • Mass media
  • Church state separation

Library of Congress Subject Headings

  • United States. Constitution. 1st Amendment
  • Freedom and art. United States. 20th century
  • Freedom of religion. United States. 20th century
  • Freedom of speech. United States. 20th century
  • Freedom of the press. United States. 20th century

Abstract (CPANDA): The State of the First Amendment survey, conducted annually (since 1997, except for 1998) for the First Amendment Center by the Center for Survey Research and Analysis at the University of Connecticut, examines public attitudes toward the freedoms of speech, press, and religion and the rights of assembly and petition. Core questions, asked each year, include awareness of First Amendment freedoms, overall assessments of whether there is too much or too little freedom of speech, press, and religion in the U.S., levels of tolerance for various types of public expression (such as flag-burning and singing songs with potentially offensive lyrics), levels of tolerance for various journalistic behaviors, attitudes toward prayer in schools, and level of support for amending the Constitution to prohibit flag-burning or defacement. Additional (non-core) questions asked in the 2004 survey include attitudes about the effort to amend the Constitution to ban flag-burning, proposals to expand regulation of so-called indecent material in the media, attempts by government officials and private advocates to lower the "wall of separation between church and state," and scandals involving made-up stories and facts at major news organizations.

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Study Description-- Study Scope

Time Period Covered: 2006

Date of Collection: October 25, 2006 - November 06, 2006

Country: United States

Geographic Coverage: United States

Geographic Unit: nation

Unit of Analysis: individuals

Universe: adult Americans

Kind of Data: survey data

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Study Description -- Methodology

Data Collector: Center for Survey Research and Analysis, University of Connecticut

Sampling Procedure:The national sample used for this research project included residential telephone numbers in the 48 contiguous states. The sample was stratified to insure that broad geographic regions were represented in proportion to their share of the total adult population in the United States. Within each of these regions, telephone numbers were generated through a random-digit-dial telephone methodology to ensure that each possible residential telephone number had an equal probability of selection. Telephone banks that contain no known residential telephone numbers were removed from the sample selection process. Within each household one adult was randomly selected to complete the interview.

Mode of Data Collection: computer-aided telephone interviews (CATI)

Type of Research Instrument: structured

Actions to Minimize Losses: Once selected, each telephone number was contacted a minimum of four times to attempt to reach an eligible respondent. Households where a viable contact was made were called additional times.

Estimates of Sampling Error: Sampling error for a sample of this size is plus or minus 3.5% at the 95% level of confidence. This means that there is less than one chance in 20 that the results of a survey of these respective sizes would differ by more than 3.5% in either direction from the results which would be obtained if all adults in the appropriate area had been selected. The sample error is larger for sub-groups.

Methodology (CPANDA) : The Center for Survey Research and Analysis at the University of Connecticut conducted a total of 1,000 telephone interviews with a random national sample of adults ages 18 and over, between October 25 and November 6, 2006.

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Study Description -- Data Access

Location: Cultural Policy and the Arts National Data Archive

Extent of Collection: 1 datafile (SPSS) and related materials

Citation Requirement: Users of CPANDA data collections are requested to acknowledge these sources by means of bibliographic citations in the footnotes, endnotes or reference apparatus of publications.

Deposit Requirement: Users of CPANDA data collections are requested to forward citations or copies of publications resulting from analysis of CPANDA data collections to the archive.

Access Conditions (CPANDA): For detailed information about conditions for use of CPANDA data collections, please see the End User Agreement posted on the CPANDA web site.

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Related Materials

Quick Fact

  • Cultural Policy and the Arts National Data Archive. 2003. "How supportive are Americans of freedom of expression?" Princeton, NJ: Cultural Policy and the Arts National Data Archive.
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Data Files Description

File Name: a00246

Overall Case Count: 1002

Overall Variable Count: 44

Logical Record Length: 380

Records per Case: 1

Type of File: ASCII data file

Data Format: logical record length format

Place of File Production: Princeton, NJ: Cultural Policy and the Arts National Data Archive

Extent of Processing Checks

  • The archive produced a codebook for this collection.
  • Consistency checks were performed by the archive.
  • Frequencies were provided by the archive.
  • The archive performed recodes.
  • Data were reformatted by the archive.
  • Checks for undocumented codes were performed by the archive.

Version Statement: First CPANDA Edition, Cultural Policy and the Arts National Data Archive

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Variables

Variables can also be viewed by group:

  • CASEID
  • CPANDA Case ID

Column: 1  Width: 4  Type: numeric

  • TIMEZ
  • IMPORTED VARIABLE--TIME ZONE

Column: 5  Width: 1  Type: character

  • TIMEZNUM
  • IMPORTED VARIABLE--TIME ZONE - CPANDA recode

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Central 419
 2 Eastern 362
 3 Mountain 95
 4 Pacific 126

Column: 6  Width: 1  Type: numeric

  • STATE
  • IMPORTED VARIABLE--STATE

Column: 7  Width: 2  Type: character

  • STATENUM
  • IMPORTED VARIABLE--STATE - CPANDA recode

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 AL 15
 2 AR 15
 3 AZ 25
 4 CA 83
 5 CO 19
 6 CT 11
 7 DE 3
 8 FL 54
 9 GA 16
 10 IA 15
 11 ID 6
 12 IL 61
 13 IN 11
 14 KS 14
 15 KY 15
 16 LA 28
 17 MA 31
 18 MD 14
 19 ME 10
 20 MI 9
 21 MN 18
 22 MO 30
 23 MS 13
 24 MT 10
 25 NC 14
 26 ND 6
 27 NE 6
 28 NH 8
 29 NJ 28
 30 NM 11
 31 NV 4
 32 NY 50
 33 OH 14
 34 OK 17
 35 OR 15
 36 PA 55
 37 RI 4
 38 SC 5
 39 SD 6
 40 TN 30
 41 TX 95
 42 UT 17
 43 VA 11
 44 VT 2
 45 WA 22
 46 WI 45
 47 WV 9
 48 WY 2

Column: 9  Width: 2  Type: numeric

  • FIPS
  • IMPORTED VARIABLE--FIPS CODE

Column: 11  Width: 5  Type: numeric

  • MSA
  • IMPORTED VARIABLE--MSA (METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREA)

Column: 16  Width: 4  Type: numeric

  • MSC
  • IMPORTED VARIABLE--MSC (MET STATUS CODE)

Column: 20  Width: 1  Type: numeric

  • REG
  • IMPORTED VARIABLE--CENSUS REGION

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Northeast 199
 2 Midwest (North Central) 235
 3 South 354
 4 West 214

Column: 21  Width: 5  Type: numeric

  • CENSU
  • IMPORTED VARIABLE--CENSUS DIVISION

Column: 26  Width: 1  Type: numeric

  • CBSA
  • IMPORTED VARIABLE--CBSA CODE

Column: 27  Width: 5  Type: numeric

  • CBSAD
  • IMPORTED VARIABLE--CBSA DIVISION

Column: 32  Width: 5  Type: numeric

  • CBMSA
  • IMPORTED VARIABLE--CBSA MSA MET STATUS CODE

Column: 37  Width: 1  Type: numeric

  • CBMSC
  • IMPORTED VARIABLE--CBSA MCSA MET STATUS CODE

Column: 38  Width: 1  Type: numeric

  • Q1M1
  • Q1. As you may know, the First Amendment is part of the U.S. Constitution. Can you name any of the specific rights that are guaranteed by the First Amendment? (PROBE: Are there any others you can name?) (NOTE: ACCEPT UP TO 6 RESPONSES. "OTHER" can be used

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Freedom of the press 19
 2 Freedom of speech 509
 3 Freedom of religion 37
 4 Right to petition 1
 5 Right of assembly/association 17
 80 Other (SPECIFY) 51
 98 Dont Know 366
 99 Refused 2

Column: 39  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • Q1M2
  • Q1. As you may know, the First Amendment is part of the U.S. Constitution. Can you name any of the specific rights that are guaranteed by the First Amendment? (PROBE: Are there any others you can name?) (NOTE: ACCEPT UP TO 6 RESPONSES. "OTHER" can be used

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Freedom of the press 64
 2 Freedom of speech 62
 3 Freedom of religion 88
 4 Right to petition 9
 5 Right of assembly/association 56
 80 Other (SPECIFY) 35
 98 Dont Know 3
 99 Refused 0

Column: 47  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • Q1M3
  • Q1. As you may know, the First Amendment is part of the U.S. Constitution. Can you name any of the specific rights that are guaranteed by the First Amendment? (PROBE: Are there any others you can name?) (NOTE: ACCEPT UP TO 6 RESPONSES. "OTHER" can be used

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Freedom of the press 29
 2 Freedom of speech 6
 3 Freedom of religion 28
 4 Right to petition 4
 5 Right of assembly/association 38
 80 Other (SPECIFY) 19
 98 Dont Know 2
 99 Refused 0

Column: 55  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • Q1M4
  • Q1. As you may know, the First Amendment is part of the U.S. Constitution. Can you name any of the specific rights that are guaranteed by the First Amendment? (PROBE: Are there any others you can name?) (NOTE: ACCEPT UP TO 6 RESPONSES. "OTHER" can be used

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Freedom of the press 9
 2 Freedom of speech 1
 3 Freedom of religion 13
 4 Right to petition 9
 5 Right of assembly/association 11
 80 Other (SPECIFY) 3
 98 Dont Know 0
 99 Refused 0

Column: 63  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • Q1M5
  • Q1. As you may know, the First Amendment is part of the U.S. Constitution. Can you name any of the specific rights that are guaranteed by the First Amendment? (PROBE: Are there any others you can name?) (NOTE: ACCEPT UP TO 6 RESPONSES. "OTHER" can be used

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Freedom of the press 3
 2 Freedom of speech 0
 3 Freedom of religion 1
 4 Right to petition 3
 5 Right of assembly/association 6
 80 Other (SPECIFY) 0
 98 Dont Know 0
 99 Refused 0

Column: 71  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • Q1M6
  • Q1. As you may know, the First Amendment is part of the U.S. Constitution. Can you name any of the specific rights that are guaranteed by the First Amendment? (PROBE: Are there any others you can name?) (NOTE: ACCEPT UP TO 6 RESPONSES. "OTHER" can be used

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Freedom of the press 0
 2 Freedom of speech 0
 3 Freedom of religion 0
 4 Right to petition 0
 5 Right of assembly/association 0
 80 Other (SPECIFY) 0
 98 Dont Know 0
 99 Refused 0

Column: 79  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • OTQ1
  • Q1. Other - CPANDA recode

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 2 2 1
 3 All men are created equal 2
 4 Bill of rights 1
 5 Freedom 1
 6 Freedom from illegal search and seziure 3
 7 Freedom of censorship 1
 8 Freedom of choice 1
 9 Freedom to pursue happiness and Christianity 1
 10 Habeus corpus, trial by jury, powers not delegated by the states, not housing troops in your house, right to bear arms 1
 11 Happiness and liberty 1
 12 Human rights 1
 13 Life and health 1
 14 Life, liberty 1
 15 Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. 2
 16 Of movement to come and go 1
 17 Privacy 1
 18 Property rights 1
 19 Pursuit of happiness 2
 20 Pursuit of happiness, own property 1
 21 Right to 1
 22 Right to bare arms, pursuit of happiness 2
 23 Right to bear arms 66
 24 Right to bear arms and own property 1
 25 Right to bear arms, civil rights, treated equally 1
 26 Right to bear arms, good life and security 1
 27 Right to bear arms, right to vote 3
 28 Right to bear arms, speedy trial 1
 29 Right to vote 5
 30 Right to vote, individual rights 1

Column: 87  Width: 2  Type: numeric

  • O_Q1
  • Q1. As you may know, the First Amendment is part of the U.S. Constitution. Can you name any of the specific rights that are guaranteed by the First Amendment? (PROBE: Are there any others you can name?) (NOTE: ACCEPT UP TO 6 RESPONSES. "OTHER" can be used

Column: 89  Width: 120  Type: character

  • Q2
  • Q2 The First Amendment became part of the U.S. Constitution more than 200 years ago. This is what it says: 'Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, or abridging the freedom of speech or

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Strongly agree 90
 2 Mildly agree 83
 3 Mildly disagree 198
 4 Strongly disagree 576
 98 Dont Know 52
 99 Refused 3

Column: 209  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • Q3
  • Q3. Overall, do you think the PRESS IN AMERICA has too much freedom to do what it wants, too little freedom to do what it wants, or is the amount of freedom the press has about right?

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Too much freedom 393
 2 Too little freedom 100
 3 About right 476
 98 Dont Know 25
 99 Refused 8

Column: 217  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • Q4
  • Q4. Newspapers should be allowed to freely criticize the U.S military about its strategy and performance. (PROBE: AGREE/DISAGREE STRONGLY/MILDLY)

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Strongly agree 352
 2 Mildly agree 252
 3 Mildly disagree 103
 4 Strongly disagree 259
 98 Dont Know 33
 99 Refused 3

Column: 225  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • Q5
  • Q5. Musicians should be allowed to sing songs with lyrics that others might find offensive. (PROBE: AGREE/DISAGREE STRONGLY/MILDLY)

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Strongly agree 377
 2 Mildly agree 235
 3 Mildly disagree 109
 4 Strongly disagree 248
 98 Dont Know 31
 99 Refused 2

Column: 233  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • Q6
  • Q6. People should be allowed to say things in public that might be offensive to religious groups. (PROBE: AGREE/DISAGREE STRONGLY/MILDLY)

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Strongly agree 311
 2 Mildly agree 254
 3 Mildly disagree 141
 4 Strongly disagree 265
 98 Dont Know 27
 99 Refused 4

Column: 241  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • Q7
  • Q7. People should be allowed to say things in public that might be offensive to racial groups. (PROBE: AGREE/DISAGREE STRONGLY/MILDLY)

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Strongly agree 216
 2 Mildly agree 227
 3 Mildly disagree 130
 4 Strongly disagree 408
 98 Dont Know 17
 99 Refused 4

Column: 249  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • Q8
  • Q8. Please tell me which one of the following 3 statements you agree with the most: Newspapers SHOULD BE allowed to publish sensitive and classified government information; Newspapers SHOULD BE allowed to publish sensitive and classified government info

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Newspapers should be allowed to publish 118
 2 Newspapers should be allowed to publish ONLY WHEN wrongdoing 490
 3 Newspapers should not be allowed to publish 365
 98 Dont Know 22
 99 Refused 7

Column: 257  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • Q9
  • Q9. Newspapers should honor government requests to withhold publishing information that might hurt efforts to win the war on terrorism. (PROBE: AGREE/DISAGREE STRONGLY/SOMEWHAT)

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Strongly agree 562
 2 Mildly agree 177
 3 Mildly disagree 82
 4 Strongly disagree 128
 98 Dont Know 47
 99 Refused 6

Column: 265  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • Q10
  • Q10. Even during wartime, the press should be allowed to publish stories that criticize the actions of the government. (PROBE: AGREE/DISAGREE STRONGLY/SOMEWHAT)

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Strongly agree 403
 2 Mildly agree 257
 3 Mildly disagree 125
 4 Strongly disagree 179
 98 Dont Know 33
 99 Refused 5

Column: 273  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • Q11
  • Q11. Even during wartime, political candidates should be allowed to criticize the actions of government while campaigning. (PROBE: AGREE/DISAGREE STRONGLY/SOMEWHAT)

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Strongly agree 462
 2 Mildly agree 241
 3 Mildly disagree 100
 4 Strongly disagree 172
 98 Dont Know 22
 99 Refused 5

Column: 281  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • QD1
  • QD1. In what year were you born? (ENTER 4 DIGIT NUMBER)

Column: 289  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • AGEGROUP
  • CPANDA created variable AGEGROUP

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 18-24 62
 2 25-34 102
 3 35-44 172
 4 45-54 213
 5 55-64 207
 6 65+ 221

Column: 297  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • AGEYEARS
  • CPANDA created variable AGEYEARS

Column: 305  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • AGEREC
  • Age Recode

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 18-24 90
 2 25-34 74
 3 35-44 172
 4 45-64 420
 5 65+ 221

Column: 313  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • QD2
  • QD2. What was the last grade of school you completed? Grade school or less, some high school, high school, some college, college grad, post graduate.

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Grade school or less (1-8 years) 11
 2 Some high school (9-11 years) 49
 3 High school grad (12 years) 270
 4 Trade school (VOL) 19
 5 Some college (13-15 years)/Associate degree 242
 6 College graduate 282
 7 Post-graduate 120
 98 Dont Know 0
 99 Refused 9

Column: 321  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • ED4
  • Education 4 Category Recode

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Less than HS/HS Grad 330
 2 Some College/Assoc 261
 3 BA 282
 4 Grad 120

Column: 329  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • ED3
  • Education 3 Category Recode

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Less than HS/HS Grad 330
 2 Some College/Assoc 261
 3 BA/Grad 402

Column: 337  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • QD3
  • QD3. Are you White, Black, Hispanic, Asian, or something else?

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 White 793
 2 Black 75
 3 Hispanic 45
 4 Asian 18
 5 Bi-racial (VOL) 24
 80 Other (SPECIFY) 15
 98 Dont Know 2
 99 Refused 30

Column: 345  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • RACEREC
  • Race Recode

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 White 793
 2 Black 75
 3 Hispanic 45
 4 Asian 18
 5 Bi-racial (VOL) 24
 99 Other/DK/Refused 47

Column: 353  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • OTRACE
  • Other race

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 2 Hispanic mixed with Black 1
 3 Human Race 1
 4 Indian 1
 5 Italian 1
 6 Jewish 1
 7 Middle Eastern 1
 8 Native American 7
 9 Other 1
 10 Pacific Islander 1
 11 South American 1

Column: 361  Width: 2  Type: numeric

  • GENDR
  • QD4. (DO NOT ASK RECORD Respondents sex.)

Response Categories
Category Label Frequency
 1 Male 460
 2 Female 542

Column: 363  Width: 8  Type: numeric

  • WEIGHT
  • Weight

Column: 371  Width: 8  Type: numeric

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